| 符号(Symbol) |
英语全称
(Benelux in English) |
中文全称
(Benelux in Chinese) |
| Å |
Ångstroms |
埃（10-10m） |
| AAS |
atomic-absorption spectrophotometry |
原子吸收分光光度法 |
| Ac |
acetyl group |
乙酰基CH3CO— |
| Ar |
aryl radical |
芳基Ar- |
| ADP |
adenosine diphosphate |
二磷酸腺苷 |
| AES |
atomic-emission spectrometry |
原子发射光谱法 |
| auger electron spectroscopy |
俄歇电子能谱法 |
| AFS |
atomic-fluorescence spectrophotometry |
原子荧光分光光度法 |
| AMP |
adenosine monophosphate |
一磷酸腺苷 |
| amu |
atomic mass unit |
原子质量单位 |
| ATP |
adenosine triphosphate |
三磷酸腺苷 |
| Boc |
t-butoxycarbonyl group |
三级丁氧羰基(CH3)2COCO— |
| bp |
boiling point |
沸点 |
| n-Bu |
n-butyl group |
正丁基CH3CH2CH2CH2— |
| t-Bu |
t-butyl group |
三级丁基(CH3)3C— |
| cmr |
13C magnetic resonance |
碳谱（13C磁共振） |
| CoA |
coenzyme A |
辅酶A |
| D |
debye |
德拜，偶极矩的度量 |
| (d,l) |
dextro-(d-),laevo-(l-) |
立体化学构型的标记 |
| (+)-,(-)- |
dextro isomer, laevo isomer |
右旋体，左旋体 |
| dA |
deoxyadenosine |
腺去氧核苷 |
| DAS |
derivative absorption spectrum |
导数吸收光谱 |
| dC |
deoxycytidine |
胞去氧核苷 |
| DCC |
dicyclohexylcarbodiimide |
二环己基碳二亚胺 |
| DDQ |
2,3,-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone |
2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌 |
| dG |
deoxyguanosine |
鸟去氧核苷 |
| (±)- |
racemic compound |
外消旋体 |
| DMF |
dimethylformamide |
二甲基甲酰胺HCON(CH3)2 |
| DMAc |
dimethyl acetamide |
二甲基乙酰胺CH3CON(CH3)2 |
| DMSO |
dimethyl sulfoxide |
二甲亚砜(CH3)2SO |
| DMU |
tetramethyl urea |
四甲基脲(CH3)2NCON(CH3)2 |
| DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid |
去氧核酸 |
| DNF |
2,4-dinitroflurobenzene |
2,4-二硝基氟苯 |
| DNP |
2,4-dinitroflurobenzene |
2,4-二硝基苯基 |
| DSC |
differential scanning calorimetry |
差热扫描量热法 |
| dT |
deoxythymidine |
胸腺去氧核苷 |
| DTA |
differential thermal analysis |
差热分析 |
| E |
entgegen |
（德文）相反的意思，在烯烃Z、E命名中指相反的一边 |
| E |
electrophilic reagent |
亲电试剂 |
| e,e |
enantiometric excess |
对映体过量 |
| E1 |
unimolecular elimination mechanism |
单分子消除反应机制 |
| E1cb |
unimolecular conjugate base elimination mechanism |
单分子共轭碱消除反应机制 |
| E2 |
bimolecular elimination mechanism |
双分子消除反应机制 |
| ECD |
electron capture detector |
电子捕获检测器 |
| EELS |
electron energy lose spectroscopy |
电子能量损失谱法 |
| emu |
electromagnetic unit |
电磁单位 |
| EPMA |
electron-prode micro analysis |
电子探针微区分析 |
| EPR |
electron paramagnetic resonance |
电子顺磁共振 |
| ESCA |
electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis |
化学分析用电子能谱 |
| ESR |
electron spin resonance |
顺磁共振 |
| Et |
ethyl |
乙基CH3CH2- |
| f |
partial rate factors |
分速因数 |
| FID |
flame ionization detector |
火焰离子化检测器 |
| FEM |
method of field emission microscope |
场发射显微镜法 |
| fp |
freezing point |
凝固点 |
| FPD |
flame photometric detector |
火焰光度检测器 |
| FT |
fourier transform |
傅里叶变换 |
| GC |
gas chromatography |
气相色谱法 |
| GLC |
gas-liquid chromatography |
气-液色谱法 |
| GSC |
gas-solid chromatography |
气-固色谱法 |
| HME |
hanging mercury electrode |
悬汞电极 |
| HMPA |
hexamethyl phosphoric triamide |
六甲基磷三酰胺[(CH3)6N]3PO |
| HOAc |
acetic acid |
醋酸CH3COOH |
| HPLC |
high performance liquid chromatography |
高效液相色谱法 |
| hυ |
photic symbol |
光的符号 |
| hυf |
fluorescence |
荧光 |
| hυp |
phosphorescence |
磷光 |
| Hz |
hertz |
赫兹 |
| I |
inductive effect |
诱导效应 |
| IC |
internal conversion |
内部转换 |
| IE |
indicated electrode |
指示电极 |
| IEC |
ion exchange chromatography |
离子交换色谱 |
| ion exclusion chromatography |
离子排斥色谱 |
| IPr |
isopropyl |
异丙基(CH3)2CH— |
| IR |
infrared spectrometry |
红外光谱法 |
| ISC |
intersystem crossing |
系间窜跃 |
| ISE |
ion-selective electrode |
离子选择性电极 |
| J |
coupling constant |
偶合常数（单位常用Hz） |
| k |
reaction velocity constant |
反应速度常数 |
| K |
equilibrium constant of reaction |
反应平衡常数 |
| Ka |
acid dissociation constant |
酸性离解常数 |
| Kb |
basic dissociation constant |
碱性离解常数 |
| L |
ligand |
配位体 |
| m |
meta |
间位 |
| Me |
methyl |
甲基CH3- |
| m/e |
mass charge ratio |
质荷比 |
| MGC |
multidimensional gas chromatography |
多维气相色谱法 |
| MHz |
106Hz |
等于106Hz |
| mp |
melting point |
熔点 |
| Ms |
mesyl |
甲磺酰基 |
| MS |
mass spectroscopy |
质谱 |
| NAD |
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
辅酶I |
| NBS |
n-bromosuccinimide |
N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺 |
| NCE |
normal calomel electrode |
甘汞电极 |
| NHE |
normal hydrogen electrode |
标准氢电极 |
| NMR |
nuclear magnetic resonance |
核磁共振 |
| Nu |
nucleophilic reagent |
亲核试剂 |
| o |
ortho |
邻位 |
| OPP |
pyrophosphate |
焦磷酸酯 |
| p |
para |
对位 |
| PES |
photo electron spectroscopy |
光电子能谱 |
| PFGC |
programmed flow gas chromatography |
程序变流气相色谱法 |
| Ph |
phenyl |
苯基 |
| pH |
ameasure of the acidity |
酸性的度量等于-log[H+] |
| pKa |
logarithm of the reciprocal of the acid dissociation constant |
酸的强度的度量-logKa |
| pKb |
logarithm of the reciprocal of the basic dissociation constant |
碱的强度的度量-logKb |
| pmr |
proton magnetic resonance |
质子磁共振 |
| PPA |
polyphosphoric acid |
多聚磷酸 |
| PPGC |
programmed pressure gas chromatography |
程序变压气相色谱法 |
| PS |
photoacoustic spectrometry |
光声光谱法 |
| PTC |
phase-transfer catalysis |
相转移催化（作用） |
| PTGC |
programmed temperature gas chromatography |
程序升温气相色谱法 |
| PTS |
percentage of theoretical slope |
百分理论斜率 |
| R |
alkyl or cycloalkyl |
烷基或环烷基 |
| (R,S) |
rectus,sinister |
立体化学主体构型的标记rectus（拉丁文） 右；sinister（拉丁文）左 |
| RE |
reference electrode |
参比电极 |
| RGS |
reaction gas chromatography |
反应气相色谱法 |
| RNA |
ribonucleic acid |
核酸 |
| RS |
raman spectrum |
拉曼光谱 |
| S |
singlet |
单线态 |
| SCE |
saturated calomel electrode |
饱和甘汞电极 |
| SD |
standard derivation |
标准偏差 |
| sf |
surfactant |
表面活性剂 |
| SN1 |
unimolecular nucleophilic substitution mechanism |
单分子亲核取代反应机制 |
| SN1Ar |
unimolecular aromatic nucleophilic substitution mechanism |
单分子芳香亲核取代反应机制 |
| SN2 |
bimolecular nucleophilic substitution mechanism |
双分子亲核取代反应机制 |
| SN2Ar |
bimolecular aromatic nucleophilic substitution mechanism |
双分子芳香亲核取代反应机制 |
| SNi |
intramolecular ucleophilic substitution mechanism |
分子内亲核取代反应机制 |
| STP |
standard temperature and pressure |
标准温度和压力 |
| T |
triplet |
三线态 |
| Tc |
triphase-catalysis |
三相催化（作用） |
| TCD |
thermal conductivity detector |
热导检测器 |
| TEBA |
triethyl benzyl animonium chloride |
氯化三乙基苯甲基铵 |
| TGA |
tThermogravimetric analysis |
热重量分析 |
| THF |
tetrahydrofuran |
四氢呋喃 |
| TLC |
thin layer chromatography |
薄层色谱法 |
| TMS |
tetramethylsilane |
四甲基硅(CH3)4Si |
| Ts(Tos) |
tosyl or p-toluenesulfonyl |
对甲基苯磺酰基p-CH3C6H4SO2- |
| TTFA |
thallium trifluoroacetate |
三氟乙酸铊 |
| UPS |
ultraviolet photo electron spectroscopy |
紫外光电子能谱 |
| uv |
ultraviolet |
紫外 |
| vc |
vibrational cascade |
振动松缓 |
| X |
halogen group |
卤基 |
| XPS |
X-ray photo electron spectroscopy |
X射线光电子能谱 |
| Z |
zusammen |
（德文）同的意思，烯烃Z、E命名中同一边的意思 |
| Z |
benzyloxycarbonyl |
苯甲氧基羰基C6H5CH2OCO－ |
| [α] |
specific rotation |
比旋光 |
| δ |
chemical shift |
由TMS向低场方向的化学位移， 单位用ppm表示 |
| △ |
symbol of heating in reaction |
反应中的加热符号 |
| μ |
dipole moment |
偶极矩 |
| ф |
wave function of atomic orbital |
原子轨道的波函数 |
| ψ |
rate of photons production |
光量子产率 |
| Φ |
wave function of molecular orbital |
分子轨道的波函数 |